Several mass spectrometers can be used as separate modules, finetuned for each particular type of analysis, and applied in turn to extract comprehensive information about the sample in a datadependent manner. Currently, there is not vaccine to prevent the HCV infection and the available therapeutic agents, apart from being associated to different adverse effects, have very limited efficacy against the virus. HCV entry into the host cell is achieved by fusion of the viral and cellular membranes, and morphogenesis and virion budding has been suggested to take place in the endoplasmic reticulum. The HCV genome is widely heterogeneous, and replication errors cause a high rate of mutations. The variability of the HCV proteins gives the virus the ability to escape the host immune surveillance system and notably hampers the development of an efficient vaccine. Thus, finding inhibitors of protein-membrane and protein-protein interactions involved in virus fusion and/or budding could be an alternative and valuable strategy against HCV infection since they could be potential therapeutic agents. The HCV genome consists of one translational open reading frame encoding a polyprotein precursor, including structural and non-structural proteins, that is cleaved by host and viral proteases. The structural proteins include the protein core, which forms the viral nucleocapsid, and the envelope glycoproteins E1 and E2, both of them transmembrane proteins. The collected data can be analyzed quickly by a computer, which generates a set of instructions based on the results of analysis of the data obtained in the previous instrument and passes them to the next one. Theoretical speed of the analysis in such a modular tool is only limited by the speed of the sample analysis in the different instruments and the speed of NVP-BEZ235 transfer of the remaining part of the sample from one mass spectrometer to another. Many studies have used 454 pyrosequencing for the analysis of PCR amplicons, bacterial artificial chromosomes, genomic, mitochondrial, plastid DNA, and expression profiling. 454 is also a powerful tool for pathogen discovery , and was used with the GS platform to identify a new arenavirus transmitted through solid-organ transplantation and a new polyomavirus in samples of Merkel cell skin carcinoma. The 454 sequencing technique was also used to implicate Israeli acute paralysis virus as a significant marker for colony collapse disorder in honey bees. Another group reported the whole genome analysis of Gallid herpesvirus, and showed that.99.0% coverage was obtained by assembling the raw sequence data to an overall average coverage depth of 13. We previously demonstrated the direct detection of a bacterial pathogen from a patient sample using 454 high-throughput DNA sequencing. Cancer cell lines are well established models to study specific cellular mechanisms characteristic for different types of cancer, usually by monitoring specific proteins and their actions.