Asymptomatic inammatory prostatitis may not be attract as much attention relative to symptomatic prostatitis, but it may be a greater hazard for people. Therefore, the prevalence of NIH-IV prostatitis should be taken into account when estimating the total prevalence of CP in future studies. Moreover, our studies have shown that unhealthy habits such as smoking and drinking increases the chances of men to suffer from prostatitis, even though they may not exhibit any symptoms. Therefore, a healthy lifestyle may be more conducive to the prevention of prostate disease. Our 
study was the first large-scale epidemiological survey to investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for asymptomatic inammatory prostatitis in Asian populations. Therefore, it must be informative and important for prostatitis research in the future. In our study, the population was men who voluntarily presented themselves to the physician, so their individual information about NIH-CPSI scores, lifestyle and a history of diseases should be truthful. Additionally, we excluded factors which may directly influence the measurement of NIH-IV prostatitis and we took many potential confounding variables into consideration in the multivariate logistic regression model. Although the strength of the present study was characterized by the large sample size of the cohort population with a wide age range and multiple variables to examine, some important limitations must be recognized. First of all, we cannot test the common sexually transmitted diseases without permission, but STDs can be significant reason for seminal tract inflammation. However, participants were excluded if they self-reported having specific inammation or nonspecific inammation, or if they had any complaints of chronic pelvic pain or discomfort, abnormal mid void urine, or urinary tract infections. Secondly, participants with prostate diseases were more likely to get an accurate EPS collection, while self-reported co-morbidities and lifestyle might produce recall bias. Since the interview was carried out by specially trained physicians, the bias could be controlled on a small scale. In addition, the cross-sectional nature of the study has a major limitation in establishing the time sequence of events. Therefore, a follow-up study is needed to explore NIH-IV prostatitis in the future. Antipsychotic drugs have been widely used to treat psychosis, particularly among patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Antipsychotics are likewise increasingly becoming accepted for managing of non-psychotic disorders. Over the past decade, atypical antipsychotics have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and are now more frequently prescribed than typical antipsychotics. However, clinical observations have indicated that treatment with AAPs are associated with obesity and other components of metabolic syndrome, particularly abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism.