In conclusion SLT significantly increased the tonographic outflow facility and decreased IOP in patients with primary open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension, thanks to trabecular gene-activations which involves a huge number of genes that affect mainly its metabolic functions and its micro environment. These protective effects occur without the induction of damage-related phenotypic alterations in treated TM specimens, as documented in Fig. 1. For their absolute interest are those related to stress oxidative which confirm its pathogenetic importance, and those related to mitochondrial that confirm their primary role in TM function and in the entire homeostasis of AC. The similarity between TM and neural tissue is important for glaucoma pathogenesis because they can share Indazole-Cl common Qc1 pathogenic mechanisms. Indeed, herein reported results provide evidence that glutamate cytotoxic effects representing a major pathogenic element for nerve tissues targeted by glaucoma, are also important for TM homeostasis and may be modulated in TM by SLT treatment. Recently, our group has published a paper where it shows how the proteomic composition of aqueous humor reflects events of glaucoma pathogenesis. In light of this presented results provide evidence that TM is a complex tissue possessing a great variety of function pivotal for the active regulation of aqueous humour outflow from the anterior chamber. SLT is able to modulate these function at postgenomic molecular level without inducing damage either at molecular of phenotypic level. The treatment of acute or chronic neuropathological diseases with drugs poses a unique challenge to medical science due to the difficulties associated with crossing the blood brain barrier. This is the principal impediment for systemically administered drugs attempting to reach a target within the brain. Tight junctions formed by occludins, claudins and other adhesion molecules effectively block most molecules greater than 600 Daltons and limit paracellular penetration of the BBB.A low Ionic strength buffer with high electrostatic potential has also been found to be important when attempting to increase BBB penetration.