In addition, it was reported by others that increased extracellular OG-L002 hydrochloride glucose availability does not necessarily translate into increased intracellular glucose oxidation during exercise. Furthermore, Chokkalingam et al. observed that only patients exercising under high insulin infusion rates showed a slightly increased whole-body carbohydrates oxidation rate. Accordingly, we believe that the administration of fruit fudge to our patients during the 3-h walks had only a negligible effect on their oxidative stress levels. The positive relationship we observed including all study subjects, between oxidative stress and glycated hemoglobin levels was unexpected. Our finding, however, is in line with the loose relationship between urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine concentration and HbA1c in patients with type 1 DM reported by others. Indeed, moderate elevations of glucose can potentially affect the oxidative stress. Nevertheless, only rather prolonged periods of improved glycemic control induced a reduction in the oxidative stress in patients with diabetes, while no similar observations have ever been reported for acute changes of glycemia occurring within a few hours. Thus, the constancy of oxidative stress levels observed in our patients at the end of the 3-h walks, despite a clear fall of their glycemia, is not surprising. An unexpected finding was also the negative relationship, including all study subjects, between oxidative stress and serum uric acid levels. Indeed, uric acid is a powerful antioxidant and scavenger of singlet Ibufenac oxygen and radicals. The lower uric acid levels in patients in comparison to controls were consistent with few previous findings where a significantly reduced level of plasma uric acid amongst subjects with type 1 DM was reported. It remains to be clarified whether the low uric acid concentration observed in patients is a consequence or a cause of the high oxidative stress levels observed in these subjects.Although future research is warranted to better evaluate this relationship on a larger number of patients, clinicians should be suggested to carefully monitor uric acid, due to its association with the oxidative stress, in particular in patients with type 1 DM.