Growing axons also require a steady delivery of membrane and microtubules to the migrating growth cone. Thus, proper positioning of the centrosome is crucial for membrane trafficking and polarized microtubule-based delivery to the axon. Here, we have tested our hypothesis that NA14 plays a role in axonal development. We found that, like spastin, NA14 enhances the formation of axons. Endogenous spastin and NA14 proteins in HeLa cells and rat cortical neurons in primary culture show a clear distribution to centrosomes, with NA14 specifically at centrioles. Stable knockdown of NA14 dramatically affects cell division, in particular cytokinesis. Furthermore, overexpression of NA14 in neurons significantly increases axon outgrowth and branching; it also enhances neuronal differentiation without modifying the number of centrosomes. Taken together, our data suggest that NA14 may act as adaptor protein, regulating spastin localization to centrosomes and possibly contributing to the spatial and temporal regulation of its microtubule-severing activity. In this study, we have demonstrated that the spastin M87 isoform co-localizes with its interacting partner NA14 at the centrosome, a non-membranous organelle composed of centrioles and pericentriolar material. An association between NA14 and the spastin M1 isoform cannot be formally ruled out, however, as the lower expression of Myc-tagged spastin M1 could have affected the ability of our immunoprecipitation experiments to detect an interaction. Evaluation of HeLa cell lines stably expressing epitope-tagged NA14 showed that NA14 is enriched at centrioles. Over the years, several groups have reported the localization of NA14 and its orthologs to the centrosome, first in the biflagellated unicellular organism C. reinhardtii. The C. reinhardtii NA14 ortholog DIP13 localizes to cytoplasmic microtubules and basal bodies, which are structurally and functionally very similar to mammalian centrioles. Several other studies using immunostaining and mass spectrometry-based proteomic analyses have supported the localization of NA14 to the centrosome. Even so, the function of NA14 at the centrosome remains unknown. A number of studies have suggested that DIP13/NA14 is involved in cell division by stabilizing microtubules or linking microtubule structures to the division machinery. Indeed, knockdown of C. reinhardtii DIP13 results in multinucleated and multiflagellate cells. Our data suggest that the depletion of NA14 does not affect the structure of the centrosome per se but might stabilize microtubules, in particular during axon development. Also, our data AG-013736 indicate that NA14 is directly involved in cell division and could be important for abscission, the final phase of cytokinesis. In concert with previous studies, these observations suggest that NA14 is a molecular adaptor involved in targeting proteins to the centrosome and midbodies. In agreement with previous observations, we found that NA14 localizes to midbodies during cytokinesis.